For on this day shall atonement be made for you to cleanse you. You shall be clean before the Lord from all your sins. And Aaron shall lay both his hands on the head of the live goat, and confess over it all the iniquities of the people of Israel, and all their transgressions, all their sins.
And he shall put them on the head of the goat and send it away into the wilderness by the hand of a man who is in readiness. The goat shall bear all their iniquities on itself to a remote area, and he shall let the goat go free in the wilderness. And he shall take some of the blood of the bull and sprinkle it with his finger on the front of the mercy seat on the east side, and in front of the mercy seat he shall sprinkle some of the blood with his finger seven times.
Let the evildoer still do evil, and the filthy still be filthy, and the righteous still do right, and the holy still be holy. Then God's temple in heaven was opened, and the ark of his covenant was seen within his temple.
There were flashes of lightning, rumblings, peals of thunder, an earthquake, and heavy hail. After this I saw four angels standing at the four corners of the earth, holding back the four winds of the earth, that no wind might blow on earth or sea or against any tree.
And between the throne and the four living creatures and among the elders I saw a Lamb standing, as though it had been slain, with seven horns and with seven eyes, which are the seven spirits of God sent out into all the earth. From the throne came flashes of lightning, and rumblings and peals of thunder, and before the throne were burning seven torches of fire, which are the seven spirits of God,.
After this I looked, and behold, a door standing open in heaven! And he who sat there had the appearance of jasper and carnelian, and around the throne was a rainbow that had the appearance of an emerald. Around the throne were twenty-four thrones, and seated on the thrones were twenty-four elders, clothed in white garments, with golden crowns on their heads.
From the throne came flashes of lightning, and rumblings and peals of thunder, and before the throne were burning seven torches of fire, which are the seven spirits of God, I know you are enduring patiently and bearing up for my name's sake, and you have not grown weary. But I have this against you, that you have abandoned the love you had at first. Remember therefore from where you have fallen; repent, and do the works you did at first.
If not, I will come to you and remove your lampstand from its place, unless you repent. And in the midst of the lampstands one like a son of man, clothed with a long robe and with a golden sash around his chest. I write these things to you who believe in the name of the Son of God that you may know that you have eternal life. Equip you with everything good that you may do his will, working in us that which is pleasing in his sight, through Jesus Christ, to whom be glory forever and ever.
So Jesus also suffered outside the gate in order to sanctify the people through his own blood. Therefore, since we are surrounded by so great a cloud of witnesses, let us also lay aside every weight, and sin which clings so closely, and let us run with endurance the race that is set before us,. How much worse punishment, do you think, will be deserved by the one who has spurned the Son of God, and has profaned the blood of the covenant by which he was sanctified, and has outraged the Spirit of grace?
By the new and living way that he opened for us through the curtain, that is, through his flesh,. The first humans, Adam and Eve, were created. Ever since that time, all people are born of two natural parents. Jesus is unique in that he was born sharing two natures — the divinity of his Father and the humanity of his mother. However, his divinity was not outwardly evidenced. His true identity had to be spiritually revealed. They cannot see beyond the veil of his flesh.
As they journeyed through the Wilderness, the Israelites worshipped God in a dwelling called the Tabernacle. Hebrews 9 describes the interior of this house of God. Hebrews For there was a tabernacle made; the first, wherein was the candlestick, and the table, and the shewbread; which is called the sanctuary. Exodus And thou shalt hang up the vail under the taches, that thou mayest bring in thither within the vail the ark of the testimony: and the vail shall divide unto you between the holy place and the most holy.
The veil shielded man from seeing God face to face, for the Bible says no man can see God and live. Exodus And he said, Thou canst not see my face: for there shall no man see me, and live.
Exodus And thou shalt put it before the vail that is by the ark of the testimony, before the mercy seat that is over the testimony, where I will meet with thee. Once a year, on the Day of Atonement, the high priest anointed the veil with the blood of atonement and went beyond the holy place into the most holy place to make sacrifice for the people of God. When this portable tabernacle was to be moved, Aaron and his sons were to go in and cover the ark with this shielding curtain. The ark was never exposed when it was carried on poles by the Levites.
God is holy. His followers are sinful. That was the reality in the Old Testament. A holy God could not look upon evil nor could sinful people gaze upon God's holiness and live. To mediate between him and his people, God appointed a high priest. Aaron was the first in that line, the only person authorized to go through the barrier between God and man.
But God's love did not start with Moses in the desert or even with Abraham , father of the Jewish people. From the moment Adam sinned in the Garden of Eden, God promised to restore the human race to a right relationship with him.
Christ was the completion of the sacrificial system established by God the Father. Only shed blood could atone for sins, and only the sinless Son of God could serve as the final and satisfying sacrifice. When Jesus died on the cross , God tore the veil in the Jerusalem temple from top to bottom. No one but God could have done such a thing because that veil was 60 feet tall and four inches thick.
The direction of the tear meant God destroyed the barrier between himself and humanity, an act only God had the authority to do. The tearing of the temple veil meant God restored the priesthood of believers 1 Peter Who has gathered the wind in his fists?
Who has wrapped up the waters in a garment? Who has established all the ends of the earth? Most of the detailed evidence for this tradition of the world beyond the veil has been drawn from relatively late texts, but the warnings against secret knowledge suggest that it was a matter of controversy from the beginning of the second temple period. No one text from the later period gives a complete picture, indicating the fragmentation of an earlier corpus rather than the conglomeration of strands which had formerly been separate and even alien [39].
Early evidence for what I am proposing is to be found in Isaiah This chapter seems to be a conjunction of all the elements of the hidden tradition which can only be reconstructed otherwise from a variety of later sources. The chapter is set in the holy of holies; the prophet hears the voices calling as did Isaiah [40]. Has it not been told you from the beginning?
Have you not understood from the foundations of the earth? Have you not heard? Has not the work of the orders of creation been announced to you from the beginning?
This is how that passage in Isaiah was understood at the end of the second temple period. If this reconstruction of the world beyond the veil is correct, it illuminates several issues. First, the mixture of subjects in the apocalyptic texts can be explained: throne visions, lists of the secrets of creation and surveys of history which deal not only with the past but also with the future are the knowledge given to those who passed beyond the veil of the temple , the raz nihyeh of the Qumran texts.
Second, it suggests that the material in the apocalypses originated with the high priests since they were the ones who passed through the veil into the holy of holies. It gives a context for understanding the known priestly writings of the Hebrew scriptures with their concern for measurements and dates, and their conception of history as an unfolding plan [41].
It explains, for example, why the description of the temple in 1 Kings mentions neither the chariot throne nor the veil and why the essential features of the world beyond the temple veil - the cherubim, the anointing oil - were later said to have disappeared from the temple not as a result of the Babylonians but in the time of Josiah If we adopt the widely accepted exilic dating of Isaiah 40, the sanctuary traditions which I have been reconstructing have implications which reach beyond Old Testament study.
The most notable of these was Eusebius of Caesarea, who, in his work The Preparation of the Gospel, argued the case in great detail and listed all those who had held such views before him. Eusebius and the other apologists were probably correct. My reconstruction suggests that the priests of the first temple knew an invisible, heavenly world on which the tabernacle or temple had been modelled; that they spoke of forms: the form of a man and the form of a throne; that they described the heavens as an embroidered curtain; that they knew the distinction between time, outside the veil, and eternity within it.
They knew that time was the moving image of eternity. They knew of angels, the sons of God begotten on Day One, as Job suggests. They concerned themselves with the mathematics of the creation, the weights and the measures. They believed that the creation was bonded together by a great oath or covenant. They believed that the stars were divine beings, angels, and they described a creator whose work was completed not by motion but by Sabbath rest.
On the basis of my reconstructions, I suggest that the sanctuary traditions which survive in the apocalypses were not the development of ideas in the canonical OT, but their antecedents.
If it be to the first sanctuary, was there then a curtain? Again, if the second, was there then an ark? By implication, the house is the earth. Essays in Memory of E. Neusner Leiden p. Yoma 77a, c. Gruenwald, S. Shaked, G. Idel that the surot in 4Q 19 are early evidence for mysticism, and his own suggestion that sur and d e mut referred to the man on the throne. The Assumption of Moses 2. This passed into Christian usage e.
Hermas Parables 3. The problem of the Sitz in Leben of Genesis 1. Henri Cazelles , ed. Caquot and M. Delcor Neukirchen-Vluyn , pp. Levenson Creation and the Persistence of Evil. See also J. Levenson op. The P redaction of Ex. Graham, Sheffield Academic Press pp. In Memory of G. Wright ed. Cross, Lemke and Miller, New York pp. Ezekiel did see the temple in his vision Ezek. We should not forget that Gen. The angels were variously said to have been created, not begotten, on the second day or the fifth.
On the basis of Ps. Johannan taught that they were created on the second day because the LORD formed the firmament in v.
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