Here is my thinking on this. The more challenged the kids are, or the greater the learning gains we are seeking, the more time I will devote to literacy. Given the ambitious learning goals that we are striving for, I see no way of accomplishing them with fewer than 2 hours per day or hours per year.
And, no matter how great the needs, I can think of no situation where I would devote more than 3 hours per day to these goals because of the importance of math, science, social studies, the arts, etc. If you look at the various surveys and observational studies reported since the early s, it appears that English language arts which has long been dominated by reading usually has received about 90 minutes of attention per day on average.
This has worked out to something like 2 hours per day in the primary grades and one in upper elementary—with 90 minutes as the average. Most schools that I visit these days are proud of their minute reading block. I insist on two to three hours with the idea of ensuring that the average amount of literacy learning increases. Another basic idea is that students will need instruction in multiple areas: word knowledge, oral reading fluency, writing, and reading comprehension.
I would give roughly equal amounts of teaching in each of these four aspects of literacy which means that kids each year would receive about 90 hours of teaching about words, comprehension, fluency, and writing. A final basic. There is no learning benefit to having reading organized in a block—and often I see kids getting less than the scheduled time because of questionable assumptions about the sanctity of the block.
If your school day begins at 8AM, and your literacy block goes from … what are the chances kids will receive 90 minutes of instruction? My bet and past observations would say that the first 10 or 15 minutes of the day and sometimes even more are not devoted to teaching.
Pledge of allegiance, morning announcements, lunch money collection, attendance, pencil sharpening, circle time, and so on are not reading instruction. Reading comprehension instruction. I thought it best to divide them into two groups today. The extra time will be needed to provide both of the these groups with 30 minutes of instruction. Some days this might not be necessary. Some days I might schedule it differently. This particular plan would allow me to have the two comprehension groups engaged in some kind of guided reading activity e.
Approximately half this reading comprehension time would engage the students in text reading—rather than just discussion or explicit instruction from me. Over time, that means kids will be reading a lot under my guidance. Oral reading fluency. The tricky move here was dividing this time in two. The reason why you might want to do that is to keep it from getting boring or to engage kids in interval training—practice, take a break, practice some more—which can enhance this kind of skills learning.
It also illustrates how flexible my schedule could be. Are you kidding, Math in the middle of the reading block? The following guidelines are advisable and reflect the development of reading over the early grades:.
It can flow most smoothly when teachers help students understand their responsibilities in moving from whole-class instruction to small groups to independent work. It is important that students come to understand—right from the beginning—that they are, in fact, active participants in the learning process. Much of the support for this dynamic, active model of instruction comes from work by researchers whose focus has been on young learners in Tier 1 classrooms who either seem at risk for reading difficulties or who are actually falling behind grade-level expectations.
When well implemented, Tier 1 instruction should ensure positive outcomes for a minimum of 80 percent of all students. Offer a balanced approach to literacy instruction and build a culture of growth with HMH Into Reading. Give a lesson on the significance of National Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day with these Pearl Harbor activities for elementary and middle school students.
How do we reframe our pedagogy to incorporate multiple narratives within our classrooms? We can start with three building blocks: reading, content integration, and scaffolding of information. Sign In. Using decodable texts is key for independent activities to be beneficial for students.
During your small group instruction, you can choose to set up groups or centers for students to do their independent work. You can adapt the Daily 5 to work with this by modifying centers a bit. Choose the 4 activities that you want students to work on independently. Choose activities that you can easily swap out the skill without creating new materials or a completely new activity that needs to be taught. For example, you can choose Summary Writing as an activity where students use a graphic organizer to write a short summary of a story.
Or you could use a partner phonics game where you simply need to swap out the words used in the game to align with current instruction. Just make sure every activity includes skills the students can do on their own. And you probably already know this, but make sure to explicitly teach all of these before you set them off to work independently! I hope this post helps you plan out your literacy instruction.
If you need a more specific guide and outline to follow, I recommend the book How to Plan Differentiated Reading Instruction grades k Visit my Teachers Pay Teachers shop to see all my literacy products. After years of working with dyslexic kids, I have several reading strategies for struggling readers that I always turn to because of their success. The best strategies are all multi-sensory because those are the most effective for all struggling readers, especially those with dyslexia.
Blending and segmenting words are two skills many of my students…. With dyslexia being estimated as occurring in 1 out of 5 students in a typical classroom, you might be looking for some effective dyslexia interventions and programs. Before explaining strategies you can use to help dyslexic students, you should really understand dyslexia. It is a language-based learning disability that will require a multisensory, structured language…. Looking for long vowel word lists?
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